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Social and Behavior Science Resources

Why Cite?

Webpages expire, books and articles get lost, photographs and films degrade. Citations are necessary to assure that the next researcher can find the same information through different means.

Citing is important for your scholarly credibility, and for building on previous research. You may have a good idea, but simply stating it does not make it true or believable. Give your ideas validity and support by citing established authors.

Avoiding plagiarism is key to academic honesty. Claiming someone's original work as your own is fraud. Citations give authors their due credit.

You must cite:

  • Facts, figures, ideas, or other information that is not common knowledge
  • Ideas, words, theories, or exact language that another person used in other publications
  • Publications that must be cited include:  books, book chapters, articles, web pages, theses, etc.
  • Another person's exact words should be quoted and cited to show proper credit 

When in doubt, be safe and cite your source!

Help me with APA citations

For most courses in Education, our preferred citation style is APA. APA format is designed to promote clarity and consistency in academic writing and to facilitate the proper attribution of sources. It is essential to follow these guidelines to ensure that your work is easily understood by readers and that credit is given where it's due.

Citing ChatGPT:   Be aware that UVA Wise does not have a campus policy on AI so students should always verify with each individual Professor whether AI usage is appropriate for the various tasks from information seeking or research, problem solving, prewriting including brainstorming, writing, and revising or editing in each course. 

APA style

MLA style

Chicago style